Simple Saffron

I’ve been hiding from this crocus chaos for a while. We offered saffron crocus to our wholesale customers at Ampersand Bulb Co. this fall. We didn’t have many takers this first go round, but we’ll try again next year. It’s so simple to grow.

I mean…it literally flowered out of the unsold packages!

Cultivate the World’s Most Expensive Spice

Saffron, the vibrant red stigmas of the Crocus sativus flower, is renowned as the world’s most expensive spice by weight. Its high value stems from its labor-intensive cultivation and harvesting process. Here are some good things to know about growing saffron crocus bulbs, from planting to storing.

Ideal USDA Growing Zones for Saffron

Saffron crocus thrives in USDA Hardiness Zones 6 through 9. These zones offer the well-drained soil, mild winters, and hot, dry summers saffron needs to flourish. Gardeners in cooler regions can grow saffron in containers and move them indoors during harsh winters.

How to Plant Saffron Crocus Bulbs

1. Timing:
   Plant saffron crocus bulbs (technically corms) in late summer to early fall. This gives them time to establish roots before blooming in the fall.

2. Location:
   Choose a sunny, sheltered spot with well-draining soil. Raised beds or sloped areas are ideal to prevent waterlogging, which can cause the corms to rot.

3. Soil Preparation:
   Loosen the soil to a depth of 12 inches and mix in organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. Aim for a slightly alkaline to neutral soil pH (6.5–7.5).

4. Planting Depth and Spacing:
   Plant corms about 3–4 inches deep and 4–6 inches apart. Place the pointed side of the corm facing up. Cover with soil and water lightly to settle them.

5. Watering Needs:
   After planting, water sparingly. Saffron prefers dry conditions and is drought-tolerant once established. Overwatering is a common mistake.

The Harvest Window

Saffron crocus blooms appear in mid to late fall, typically six to eight weeks after planting. Harvesting saffron requires precision and care:

1. Timing the Harvest:
   The flowers open in the morning and wilt by late afternoon. Harvest early in the day when the blooms are fully open but still fresh.

2. Harvesting Technique:
   Carefully pluck the bright red stigmas (three per flower) using tweezers or your fingers. Avoid damaging the delicate stigmas or the plant.

Drying the Saffron

Proper drying is crucial to preserve saffron’s flavor, aroma, and color:

1. Preparation:
   Spread the harvested stigmas in a single layer on a clean, dry surface, like a sieve or a paper towel.

2. Drying Process:
   Air-dry the stigmas in a dark, well-ventilated area for several days, or use a food dehydrator set to a low temperature (around 100°F) for quicker results.

3. Testing for Dryness:
   Saffron is ready when it feels brittle to the touch and emits a strong aroma.

Storing Your Saffron

To maintain saffron’s quality, proper storage is essential:

1. Container:
   Store dried saffron in an airtight container, preferably glass or a tin, to protect it from moisture and air.

2. Location:
   Keep the container in a cool, dark place away from sunlight and strong odors, which can degrade its quality.

3. Shelf Life:
   Properly stored saffron retains its potency for up to two years. To maximize its lifespan, avoid frequent exposure to air and humidity.

Why Grow Your Own Saffron?

Growing saffron at home is not only rewarding but also ensures you have access to fresh, high-quality spice. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a culinary enthusiast, cultivating saffron adds a touch of luxury and sustainability to your lifestyle.

Are you ready to get started with saffron cultivation? Plant some bulbs this season and experience the magic of harvesting your own golden threads!